Day 17: Linux Commands Part 1 – Basic Linux Terminal Commands (Beginner Guide in Hindi)
🐧 Day 17: Linux Commands – Part 1
(Bug Hunting / Ethical Hacking Course – Day 17)
Ab real practical learning start ho chuki hai 💻🔥
Aaj hum Linux ke basic terminal commands seekhenge. Ye commands har ethical hacker ko aani chahiye, kyunki hacking tools bhi command line se hi run hote hain.
🔹 Terminal Kya Hota Hai?
Terminal ek command line interface (CLI) hai jahan hum text commands type karke system control karte hain.
Kali Linux me aap shortcut se Terminal open kar sakte ho:
Ctrl + Alt + T
📌 1️⃣ pwd Command
👉 Meaning: Print Working Directory
Ye command batata hai ki aap currently kis folder me ho.
pwd
Example Output:
/home/kali
📌 2️⃣ ls Command
👉 Meaning: List Files & Folders
Ye command current directory ke files aur folders dikhata hai.
ls
Extra Options:
ls -l
Detailed list
ls -a
Hidden files show karega
📌 3️⃣ cd Command
👉 Meaning: Change Directory
Folder change karne ke liye use hota hai.
cd Desktop
Back jane ke liye:
cd ..
Home folder me jane ke liye:
cd ~
📌 4️⃣ mkdir Command
👉 Meaning: Make Directory (New Folder Banana)
mkdir testfolder
Ye "testfolder" naam ka new folder bana dega.
📌 5️⃣ rmdir Command
👉 Meaning: Remove Empty Directory
rmdir testfolder
⚠️ Sirf empty folder delete karega.
📌 6️⃣ rm Command
👉 Meaning: File Delete Karna
rm filename.txt
Folder delete karne ke liye:
rm -r foldername
⚠️ Careful – delete hone ke baad recover mushkil hota hai.
📌 7️⃣ clear Command
Terminal screen clean karne ke liye:
clear
📌 8️⃣ whoami Command
Ye batata hai ki aap kaunsa user ho.
whoami
Example Output:
kali
📌 9️⃣ date Command
Current system date aur time show karta hai.
date
📌 🔟 uname Command
System information dikhata hai.
uname -a
📝 Practice Task (Very Important)
Terminal open kare aur ye steps follow kare:
pwd
ls
mkdir practice
cd practice
touch file1.txt
ls
rm file1.txt
cd ..
rmdir practice
Har step ka screenshot apne notes me add kare.
💡 Pro Tip
Linux commands case-sensitive hote hain.
Ye galat hai:
LS
Ye sahi hai:
ls
🎯 Day 17 Summary
✔️ Terminal ka basic use seekha
✔️ pwd, ls, cd important commands
✔️ Folder create & delete karna seekha
✔️ File delete command samjha
✔️ Linux case-sensitive hota hai